Improvement in hydraulic brick-machines



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7 SheetsSheet 1.

HYDRAULIC BRICK-MACHINES.

Patented. Sephll, 1877.

INVENTOR:

N.PETERS. FHOTO-LITHOGRAF'HER, WASHINGTON I). C.

E. ROGERS.

7 Sheets-Sheet 2.

HYDRAULIC BRICK-MACHINES.

ATTEST:

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Fla. 5?.

Patented. Sept.11, 1877.

INVENTOR:

"- ETERS. Pumc-uTnceflAPnzn, WASHINGTON, u. 0.

\ 1 7Sheets-Sheet4. E. ROGERS.

HYDRAULIC BRICK-MACHINES.

No. 195,169. PatgntedSept.1l,1877.

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AT FEST? I N, PETERS. FNOTO-LITHOGRAPHER, WASHINGION. D C.

'7Sheets-Sheet-5.

Patented Sept. 11, 1 877.

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HYDRAULIC BRICK-MACHINES.

7Sheets-Shet6. E. ROGERS. HYDRAULIC BRICK-MACHINES.

No. 195,169 Patented Sept.11,1'877.

warms, PHOTb-LITHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTQN, u. b"

- 7 Sheets-Sheet 7.

E. ROGERS. HYDRAULIC BRIGK-MAGHINES.

No. 195,169. Pat-ehted Sept.1 1,1877.

FIG. 21. I'm-.22.

MFETERS, PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHEk WASHINGTON. I104 UNITED STATES ATENT ETHANROGERS, ()F CLEVELAND, OHIO.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 195,169, datedSeptember 11, 1877; application filed June 27, 1877.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ETHAN ROGERS, of the city of Cleveland, in thecounty of Ouyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Hydraulic Brick- Machines, of which the followingis a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, making part of the specification.

In this-invention the main principle of operation isthe same as in myPatent No. 182,481,

dated September 19,1876. A high and a low pressure pump are used-thelatter to;give the mold-pistons the chief part of their movement, andthe former to give the final and extreme pressure upon the bricks.

-My present improvement relates chiefly to the construction andarrangementof the valves and connections and the water-engines by whichthe various parts are operated.

The valves are a number of poppet-valves set in a valve-box common tothem all, and operated'by tappets or cams on disks upon a single shaft,or by connection to a rock-shaft. The former shaft, which hasintermittent rotary motion in one direction, and the said rock-shaft areactuated by devices connected to the various moving parts of themachine. so that, when'any of said parts have completed their movement,said part will, by means of the proper valves and connecting mechanism,put in motion the parts of the machine that should go next intooperation, as will be described at length in the appropriate place.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation, showing themold-cylinders and adjacent parts. Fig. 2 is a similar view, showing thearrangement of valves and operating mechanism, with water-engine, bywhich the upper mold-piston is raised from the molded bricks. Fig. 3 isa side view of the machine, partly in section. Fig. 4 is a detail planof the mechanism for operating the rotary-valve actuatin gshaft. Fig. 5is a detail side view of the same, showing the pawls by which said shaftis intermittingly turned to operate the valves of the variouswater-engines, &c. Fig. 6is a detail longitudinal section of thevalve-box and connections. Fig. 7 is a detail plan of the same. Fig. 8is a detail crosssection of same. Fig. 9 is a detail horizontal sectionof same.

Fig. 10 is a detail cross-section at line to w. Figs. 11, 12, 13, 14,15, 16, 17, 18, 19, and 20 are detail views of the valve-liftingtappets, levers, &c., showing them in their relative positions, andshowing the various forms of tappets. Fig. 21 is an axial section of thesidepipe communicating between the mold-cylinders. Fig. 22 is a'detailof the adjustable rod that limits the descent of the lower mold-piston.The lower end, broken off and turned around, is shown in Fig. 23, wherethe slot a is shown, which receives the pin of arm Z.

A is a pipe in communication with the lowpressure pump, and B is 'a pipein communication with the high-pressure pump. It is not necessary todescribe these pumps, nor the steam-engines by which they are driven,nor the safety or. loaded valves by Whichjthe Water is allowed to escapefrom the pipes A and B when the water in them has attained the maximumpressure allowed, because no novelty is claimed in the construction ofsaid parts in this application; and said construc tion may be variedwithout affecting the operation of the parts herein claimed as new andof my invention.

The water from both pipes A and B passes along the pipe 0, and thatforthe upper moldcylinder G up through the vertical or side pipe D, thepipe 0 communicating directly with the interior of cylinder F. In thecylinders F and G work the mold pistons or plungers F and Grespectively. These pistons carry the followers F and G which work inthe mold J in precisely the same manner as in my aforesaid patent. Themold has recesses J extending vertically through it, and the followersF, when in their lower position, form the bottoms of recesses J, inwhich the bricks are molded between the followers F below and G above.

The lower piston F tends, of course, to descend by gravity when theWater exhausts from cylinder F, and in addition it is con stantly drawndown by a piston-rod, K Whose piston works in a cylinder, K. The upperend of the cylinder K is supplied with water.

under pressure by a pipe, K connecting with the low-pressure pump-pipeA. This pistonrod K is connected by a yoke, K to rods K which passthrough the metal of cylinder F, and

FFIGE.

are attached to the top of the piston F The upper mold-piston G islifted with the bricks as they are forced from the molds by the risin gof the lower piston F and when the bricks are lifted out of themold'cavities the piston G is still farther raised by a water-engine, L,whose piston-rod L! is connected by rod L to an arm, M of the rock-shaftM. This rockshaft M has arms M to which are connected by links N therods N, extending through metal of cylinder G, and connected to thepiston G 0 is the hopper, into which the earth is dropped in apulverized state, and through the lower part of which works the chargerP. At the front of the charger is a flat bar, P whose face is vertical,and which extends the whole width of the charger, so as to push (as itmoves forward) the batch of bricks from the top of the mold onto theslat-table Q, from which they may be taken by hand.

The bar P constitutes the front bar of an open frame forming, with thebottom of the hopper, an earth-vessel, in which the earth is carriedforward over the mold, into whose cavities it drops, so as to fill them,and the surplus earth is swept back by the bar P on its retrogrademovement.

P is a horizontal plate of .the charger, which constitutes the temporarybottom of the hopper when the charger is c in its forward position. Thecharger is moved forward and backward by a water-engine, P whose piston-rod P is attached to the charger.

P and P are the water-pipes leading to the ends of the cylinder of theengine P These pipes communicate with valve-chambers of valves 7, 8, 9,and 10, as shown, the valves 8 and 10 being pressure-valves,and thevalves 7 and 9 being exhaust-valves, the former communicating betweenthe chambers P and l? and the water-supply chamber S, and the lattercommunicating between the said chambers 19 and P and the exhaust-chamberT. All of the valves of this series (from 1 to 10, inclusive) are closedwith the pressure and by springs, and are opened by connection of theirstems with levers U, that are raised by tappets or cams U on the disks1", 2", 3", 850. These disks are upon a shaft, V, which has intermittentrotation by the action of pawls actuated, respectively, by connection tothe pistons E and G and the charger. The shaft V carries two disks, Vand V and projecting from the faces of these are studs or pins V V V VV, upon which pawls act, so as to cause the rotation of shaft V by a series of intermittent movements.

V and V are two studs on disk V which are acted on by pull and pushpawls W and W which are both connected to the end of the arm Y upon arock-shaft, Y. This rockshaft is connected by an arm, Y and rod Y to thecharger, so that the movement of the charger causes the rocking of theshaft, and through that means the partial rotation of the shaft V. Forinstance, as the charger attains its backward position, after havingcharged the molds, the pull-pawl W acts on the stud V to turn the shaftV, so as to raise the valves 4 and 5 from their seats, to exhaust thewater from the bottom of the engine L, and to allow the mold-piston G todescend by the mechanism described. As the piston G falls the arm Mdescends, and the pushpawl M comes in contact with the stud or pin Vbetween the disks V and V causing a partial rotation of the shaft V,raising valve 1, the valve 2 closing, and the water is allowed to escapefrom cylinder 0, which allows valve or to rise, and the water can thenpass from low-pressure pipe A to the cylinders F and G.

When the arm M again rises the pull-pawl M comes into action-to give thedisks V and V and shaft V a further partial rotation to lift valves 3and 6 and drop'valves 4 and 5,

allowing pressure of water beneath piston L1 to finish upward movementof piston G. Z Z are, respectively, push and pull pawls on the arm Zextending from rock-shaft Z. The rock-shaft Z extends horizontally, andhas motion imparted to it by arms Z" connected to the rods K These pawlsact upon a stud, V, at the proper time to give to the shaft V a partialrotation. In this the pull-pawl Z actson the pin or stud V" to operatethe valves of the charger-engine to move the charger backward.

The push-pawl Z acts on stud V to operate the valves 3 4 5 6, openingthe valves 4 and 5, and allowing valves 3 and 6 to close, so as to raisethe piston G by engine L.

V is a hand-wheel, by which the shaft V may be turned when required tooperate any of the valves with which it is connected.

Upon the shaft Z is an arm, Z at the end of which is a pin which worksin a vertical slot, a in a rod, a, having bearing in the housing or mainframe, and supported therein upon a nut, a, which screws on the rod atits upper end, and has bearing upon the ledge a of the frame, inproximity to the mold. The purpose of this arrangement is to prevent thepiston F descending below the desired level, and thus to regulate thedepth of the moldcavities to receive the proper quantity of clay.

Z is an upwardly-extending arm of the rock-shaft Z, and M is adownwardly-extending arm of the rock-shaft M. These arms are slotted atthe ends to receive pinsor studs b b at the ends of a vertical bar, I).

0 is a screw-rod passing through the bar b, at or near its middle, andupon the rod screws a nut, 0', against which the bar b bears when it ismoved outward a certain distance by the outward movement of arms Z and Mas the pistons F and G approach each other in pressing the bricks in themolds, so that when the said pistons have reduced the bricks to therequired thickness the rod cis drawn outward and throws up the trip d,which consists of a bell-crank lever, to whose shorter and upper arm therod 0 is connected. The longer and lower arm, when down, acts as adetent to the arm 0 of the rock-shaftf.

The rock-shaft f has side lugs f, to which are connected the stems ofvalves 11, 12, 13, and 14, so that on the shaft moving in one directionthe valves 11 and 13 are raised, and by an opposite movement valves 12and 14 are raised.

The valves 11, 12, 13, and 14 belong to the water-engine g, the valves12 and 11 governing, respectively, the supply and exhaust of the upperend of said engine-cylinder. As the detent or trip (I is thrown up so asto release the arm 6, the rock-shaft is rolled partially over by aplunger, h, in a cylinder, h, beneath which piston is a constantpressure of water, so that at any time the arm 6 is released from thedetent the valves 11 and 13 are raised, so as to supply water to theupper part of engine-cylinder g and exhaust from the lower part of saidcylinder, and draws down the valve-rod to which said engine-piston isattached, (said valve, when down, closing communication between themold-cylinders F and G, and drawing down with it the small valve whichallows the escape of water from cylinder G, so that the pressure iswholly on piston F which moves upward and forces the bricks from themold-cavities, driving the piston G upward with it.) The plunger It hasbearing beneath an extension of the lug f, to which the stem of valve 11is connected.

0 is an arm, extending from the rock-shaft f in a direction opposite tothe arm 0, and by which the rock-shaft is turned in a direction oppositeto that in which the plunger it acts, said arm receiving motion for thispurpose by a tappet, W on the pawl-arm W, and as the tappet W forces thearm e forward the detent d drops down in front of the arm 6, and holdsthe rock-shaft f in position shown against the pressure of plunger huntil the detent is again raised.

The piston-rod g of the engine g forms at its upper end the stem i ofthe valve i, passing through a stuffingbox, 9 at the lower end of sidepipe D. The seat 2' of the valve '5 is in the pipe D, and is so situatedthat when the valve is closed communication is closed between theinterior of the cylinders F and G, so that when the valve is closed thecylinder G is cut off from connection with the watersupply pipes A andB.

The upper end of the valve-stem i has an axial socket, i, in which worksthe stem j of a valve, j. Said stem has at the lower end an enlargementor collar, j which collar prevents it from escaping from its socket i",said collar, when the valve is in its upper position, coming in contactwith the socket nut j The valve stem is surrounded by a spiral spring, jwhich tends to force it into its upper position. The valve j has itsseat in the bottom of valve k, and the port of valve j extends upaxially-through valve kand its tubular stem k. The valve-stem k extendsupward through the outflow water-chamber l, and its axial chambercommunicates at k with the outflow water-chamber, so that when valve jis open there is communication between pipe D and water-chamber l.

The stem 70 extends upward through the top of the water-chamber l, andis connected to a lever, m, fulcrumed on a standard, m, and throughwhose other end passes a rod, m whose lower end is connected to the armM7 upon the rock-shaft M. The rod m has at the upper end a spring, mpreferably of rubber, which has bearing upon the upper side of lever m,so that when the piston Gr is down the valve k is tightly drawn up toits seat 70 On the other hand, as the piston G reaches a certainelevation an adjustable jam-nut, m, on the rod m comes in contact withthe lower side of the lever m, and forces down the stem 70, so as toopen the valve 70 and allow the water to have full egress from the pipeD to the chamber 1.

The outflow-chamber 1 may communicate by a pipe with the tank from whichwater is supplied to the high and low pressure pumps.

n is a valve, working on a seat, it, between the low and high pressurepipes A and B,-

such valve being raised from its seat by the flow of water from thelow-pressure pipe A through the valve-port.

It will be understood that, when the bricks in the molds are reduced toa certain size, their resistance to further compression overcomes thepressure of the air in the air-vessel of the low-pressure pipe A, andcauses the water to cease flowing from pipe A through port of valve n,and the valve will descend by gravity, assisted by spring a and thewater will encroach on the air-space in said air-"essel, and thepressure therein accumulates to be expended on the next pressing ofbricks.

When valve n is closed pipe B will still be in communication withcylinders F and G, and the pressing will be completed at high pressure.The valve-stem n of the valve n extends upward through a stuffing-boxm,and enters cup 0 at lower end of rod 0 of plunger 0 in cylinder 0. Thepart of the cylinder-cavity above the plunger is connected by pipe 0with the valve-chamber o of valves 1 and 2. Valve 1 is theexhaust-valve, and valve 2 the pressure-valve, and by the movement ofthese the plunger 0 is forced down, so that the cup 0 presses-down thevalve n upon its seat, or the pressure is taken from the plunger top, sothat both the valve and plunger may be raised by the pressure of waterbeneath valve 70. The valve 42 is held down by the above means when thewater is being exhausted from cylinder F, so that no water can at thattime enter said cylinder from the low-pressure pump.

The amount of water thrown by the highpressure pump is so small that noprovision is required to out off this supply.

The form of the tappets U varies upon the different disks 1", 2", 3",&c., so that each valve is kept open the required time, some of thembeing held open during more than onefourth of rotation of shaft V, andothers for a smaller amount of time. The disks 1", 2", &c., may be madeadjustable on the shaft V in any suitable manner, so as to adjust themto cause the valves to operate at the proper time. As shown, the shaft Vhas a screwthread cut thereon, and the disks are fixed in position byjam-nuts.

The pull-pawl W is sustained, so as to hold it in the working position,by a spring, .9, upon which it slides, and this spring is supported on arock-shaft, 12, that can be turned by a lever, 11 having at one end ahandle, p

and at the other end being arranged to enter As the handle rods K yoke Krod K and plunger K, subthe notch 'r of the detent r. of the lever 19 israised, its other end engages in the notch 1' and, at the same time, thespring 8 raises the pawl-rod W, so that it is in position to engage thepins on the disk V When the handle r of the detent is raised spring 8descends, and allows the pawl-rod W to descend so that it will notengage the stud V on disk V and the machine stops because V and open thevalves?) and 4. The consequence is that the machine stops with themold-cavities charged with clay, the charger drawn back, and the pistonG in its upper position.

The operation of the machine, as far as the manipulation of the clay andthe formation of the bricks are concerned, is similar'to that describedin my former Patent, No. 182,481, before mentioned; but the mechanicaldevices for the production of the movements are different, and these newdevices are alone claimed in the present application.

The said operation of the machine is as follows: Suppose the piston G tobe in its upper position and the charger in its backward position,then,if the machine is in running condition, the first movement is theexhaustion of the water from beneath the piston of engine L, whichallows the mold-piston G to descend upon the clay in the molds. Then thewaterescape from cylinders F G is stopped by the closing of valve is,the valve j having been previously closed, and the pressure of the watercomes on both mold-pistons F and G and the clayis compressed until themold-followers are the thickness of a brick asunder; then the trip dreleases the rock-shaft f of valves 11 12 13 14, the valve iis closed byengine g, and valve 6 in closing opens small escape-valve j; then thewater escapes from cylinder G, and both the mold-pistons are raised bywaterpressure beneath the mold-piston F and the bricks are raised fromthe molds; then the mold-piston G is lifted from the bricks and carriedto its highest position by the engine L; then the charger P is movedforward by engine P and pushes the bricks from the top of the mold as itcarries forward a fresh supply of clay; then piston F falls and the clayfrom the charger drops into the molds; then the charger returns to itsrear position as at the commencement. I

Each movement inaugurates the movement following.

I claim-- 1. The combination of piston or plunger F stantially as andfor the purpose set forth.

2. The combination of piston F rods K arms Z and Z and adjustable rod a,substantially as set forth.

the handle 19 of the lever 10 drops and the rodsN, arms M shaft M, armM", rod 112?, lever m, valve-rod Id, and valve k, substantially as setforth.

the pawl-rod W has failed to turn the shaft j ishafts M and Z,,arms Mand Z bar 1), rod 0, gtri p or detent d, trip-lever e, rock-shaft f, and

3. The combination of piston or plunger G 4. The combination of pistonsF and G,

valves 11 12 13 14, engine 9, valve 73, and valverod '6 substantially asset forth.

5. The combination of piston F shaft Z,

arm Z and pawls Z Z studs V V", disk V shaft V, valves 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10,charger-engine P and engine L of the plunger or piston G substantiallyas and for the purposes set forth.

6. The combination of the charger P, rod

Y arms Y Y ,pawls W W, studs V V, disk V shaft V, valves 4 and 5, engineL, arm M shaft M, arms M rods N, and piston G substantially as setforth.

7. The combination of piston G rods N, arms M and M shaft M, pawls M andM studs V and V disks V and V and valveshaft V, substantially as setforth.

8. The combination of valves 1 to 10, inclusive, with lifting-levers U,valve-shaft V, with tappet-disks 1 to 10", inclusive, stud-disks V V andpawls M M W W Z Z, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

9. The combination of valve 11., stem 10?, rod 0 plunger 0, cylinder 0,and valves 1 2, operated by tappet-disks 1 2 on valve shaft V,substantially as set forth.

. ETHAN ROGERS.

Witnesses:

GEo. L. CHAPMAN, CHAS. L. STRONG--

